Class and Underdevelopment Society: A Marxist Analysis of Brazil

Introduction

In his seminal work, "Class and Underdevelopment Society," Florestan Fernandes presents a Marxist analysis of Brazilian society, arguing that the country's underdevelopment is a result of its class structure and the exploitation of the working class. Fernandes draws on a wealth of historical and sociological data to support his thesis, and his work has been highly influential in the study of Brazilian society.

The Class Structure of Brazilian Society

Fernandes argues that Brazilian society is divided into two main classes: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie is the ruling class, and it controls the means of production and the wealth of the country. The proletariat is the working class, and it is exploited by the bourgeoisie. Fernandes shows how the bourgeoisie has used its power to maintain its control over society, and he argues that this has prevented Brazil from developing economically and socially.

The Exploitation of the Working Class

Fernandes argues that the working class in Brazil is exploited in a number of ways. First, they are paid low wages, and they often work in dangerous and unhealthy conditions. Second, they are denied access to education and other opportunities that would allow them to improve their lives. Third, they are subjected to discrimination and violence. Fernandes shows how the exploitation of the working class has contributed to Brazil's underdevelopment, and he argues that it is a major obstacle to the country's progress.

The Future of Brazilian Society

Fernandes argues that Brazil can only overcome its underdevelopment if it changes its class structure and ends the exploitation of the working class. He calls for a socialist revolution that would overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a classless society. Fernandes believes that this is the only way to achieve true social and economic progress in Brazil.

Conclusion

"Class and Underdevelopment Society" is a powerful and insightful analysis of Brazilian society. Fernandes's work is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand the country's history, politics, and economy. His call for a socialist revolution is a radical one, but it is a necessary one if Brazil is to overcome its underdevelopment and achieve a more just and equitable society.

Why You Should Read This Book

"Class and Underdevelopment Society" is a must-read for anyone interested in Brazilian society, Latin American studies, or Marxism. Fernandes's work is a classic of social science, and it is still relevant today. His analysis of class structure and exploitation is essential for understanding the challenges facing Brazil and other developing countries. His call for a socialist revolution is a radical one, but it is a necessary one if these countries are to overcome their underdevelopment and achieve a more just and equitable society.

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