Getúlio Vargas: A Biography of the Brazilian Dictator

Introduction

Getúlio Vargas was a Brazilian politician who served as president of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1954. He was a controversial figure who is still debated today. Some see him as a hero who saved Brazil from economic collapse and political chaos, while others see him as a dictator who suppressed dissent and violated human rights.

In this biography, Oswaldo Mendes provides a comprehensive and balanced account of Vargas's life and career. Mendes draws on a wide range of sources, including archival documents, interviews with Vargas's contemporaries, and Vargas's own writings. He presents a nuanced portrait of a complex and contradictory figure.

Vargas's Early Life

Getúlio Vargas was born in 1882 in São Borja, a small town in southern Brazil. His father was a wealthy landowner and politician, and Vargas grew up in a privileged environment. He attended the best schools and universities, and he eventually became a lawyer.

Vargas's Rise to Power

Vargas began his political career in the early 1900s. He served in the state legislature of Rio Grande do Sul, and he eventually became governor of the state. In 1930, Vargas led a military coup that overthrew the sitting president, Washington Luís. Vargas then became president of Brazil.

Vargas's First Term

Vargas's first term as president was marked by economic growth and political stability. He implemented a number of social and economic reforms, including the creation of a minimum wage and the establishment of a social security system. Vargas also promoted nationalism and industrialization.

Vargas's Second Term

Vargas was re-elected president in 1937. However, his second term was marked by increasing authoritarianism. Vargas suppressed dissent and violated human rights. He also aligned Brazil with the Axis powers during World War II.

Vargas's Downfall

In 1945, Vargas was overthrown by a military coup. He went into exile in Argentina, but he returned to Brazil in 1950. Vargas was re-elected president in 1951, but he committed suicide in 1954.

Vargas's Legacy

Vargas's legacy is complex and controversial. He is still debated today. Some see him as a hero who saved Brazil from economic collapse and political chaos, while others see him as a dictator who suppressed dissent and violated human rights.

Conclusion

Getúlio Vargas was a complex and contradictory figure. He was a brilliant politician who achieved great things for Brazil, but he was also a ruthless dictator who violated human rights. His legacy is still debated today, and it is likely to continue to be debated for many years to come.

Why You Should Read This Book

This book is a must-read for anyone interested in Brazilian history. Oswaldo Mendes provides a comprehensive and balanced account of Vargas's life and career. He presents a nuanced portrait of a complex and contradictory figure. This book is essential for understanding Vargas's role in Brazilian history.