Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century

Introduction

In his seminal work, "Labor and Monopoly Capital," Harry Braverman presents a comprehensive analysis of the changing nature of work in the twentieth century. Braverman argues that the rise of monopoly capitalism has led to a degradation of work, as workers are increasingly subjected to deskilling, intensification, and alienation.

Deskilling

One of the most significant changes in the nature of work in the twentieth century has been the process of deskilling. Deskilling refers to the process by which workers are stripped of their skills and knowledge, and their jobs are simplified and routinized. This process has been driven by the increasing use of machinery and technology in the workplace, as well as the rise of scientific management techniques.

Deskilling has had a number of negative consequences for workers. It has led to a decline in wages, job satisfaction, and control over the work process. It has also made workers more vulnerable to layoffs and displacement.

Intensification

Another major change in the nature of work in the twentieth century has been the process of intensification. Intensification refers to the process by which workers are forced to work faster and harder. This process has been driven by the increasing competition between businesses, as well as the rise of new technologies that allow for greater productivity.

Intensification has had a number of negative consequences for workers. It has led to increased stress, fatigue, and injuries. It has also made it more difficult for workers to balance their work and personal lives.

Alienation

Finally, Braverman argues that the rise of monopoly capitalism has led to a process of alienation. Alienation refers to the process by which workers are separated from the products of their labor, the process of labor itself, and from their fellow workers. This process has been driven by the increasing division of labor, the rise of bureaucracy, and the increasing concentration of wealth in the hands of a few individuals.

Alienation has had a number of negative consequences for workers. It has led to a decline in job satisfaction, a sense of powerlessness, and a loss of community.

Conclusion

In "Labor and Monopoly Capital," Harry Braverman presents a powerful and persuasive analysis of the changing nature of work in the twentieth century. He argues that the rise of monopoly capitalism has led to a degradation of work, as workers are increasingly subjected to deskilling, intensification, and alienation. This process has had a number of negative consequences for workers, including a decline in wages, job satisfaction, and control over the work process. It has also made workers more vulnerable to layoffs and displacement.

Braverman's work is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the changing nature of work in the twentieth century. It is a powerful indictment of the current system of capitalism and a call for a more just and equitable society.