Marquis of São Vicente: A Life of Admiral John Jervis

Introduction

In this comprehensive and engaging biography, Eduardo Kugelmas presents the life and career of Admiral John Jervis, the first Earl of St. Vincent, one of the most influential and successful naval commanders in British history. Drawing on a wealth of primary sources, Kugelmas paints a vivid portrait of Jervis, from his early days as a young midshipman to his rise to the pinnacle of the Royal Navy.

Early Life and Career

John Jervis was born in 1735 into a distinguished naval family. His father, Swynfen Jervis, was a successful naval officer, and his uncle, Sir William Jervis, was a prominent admiral. Jervis followed in their footsteps, joining the Royal Navy at the age of 13. He quickly proved to be a capable and courageous officer, and by the age of 20, he had been promoted to lieutenant.

The Seven Years' War

Jervis's first major test came during the Seven Years' War (1756-1763). He served with distinction in a number of engagements, including the Battle of Lagos in 1759, where he played a key role in the British victory. His bravery and leadership earned him the respect of his superiors, and he was promoted to captain in 1760.

The American War of Independence

During the American War of Independence (1775-1783), Jervis served in the West Indies, where he commanded a squadron of ships. He achieved several notable successes, including the capture of the French frigate Concorde in 1780. His actions helped to secure British control of the Caribbean, and he was rewarded with a knighthood in 1782.

The French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars (1793-1802) saw Jervis rise to the peak of his career. He was appointed commander-in-chief of the Mediterranean Fleet in 1795, and he quickly proved his worth. In 1797, he won a decisive victory over the Spanish fleet at the Battle of Cape St. Vincent, for which he was created Earl of St. Vincent. He continued to serve with distinction throughout the war, and he was widely regarded as one of the greatest naval commanders of his time.

Later Life and Legacy

After the war, Jervis retired from active service, but he remained an influential figure in the Royal Navy. He served as First Lord of the Admiralty from 1801 to 1804, and he played a key role in the development of the navy's strategy and tactics. He died in 1823 at the age of 87, leaving behind a legacy of courage, leadership, and professionalism.

Conclusion

Marquis of São Vicente is a fascinating and well-written biography of one of the most important figures in British naval history. Eduardo Kugelmas has produced a masterful work that will appeal to anyone interested in naval history, biography, or British history.