Soybean: Technical Recommendations for Mato Grosso do Sul

Introduction

Soybean is one of the most important crops in the world, and Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of soybeans. Mato Grosso do Sul is one of the most important soybean-producing states in Brazil, and this circular provides technical recommendations for soybean production in this state.

Climate and Soil

The climate of Mato Grosso do Sul is characterized by a rainy season from October to March and a dry season from April to September. The average annual temperature is 25°C, and the average annual rainfall is 1,500 mm. The soils of Mato Grosso do Sul are mostly sandy loam, with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5.

Varieties

There are many different varieties of soybeans available, and the best variety for a particular location will depend on the climate, soil, and other factors. Some of the most popular soybean varieties in Mato Grosso do Sul include:

• BRS 1010: This variety is early-maturing and has a high yield potential. It is also resistant to several diseases, including soybean rust and soybean mosaic virus.
• BRS 284: This variety is mid-season maturing and has a high yield potential. It is also resistant to several diseases, including soybean rust and soybean mosaic virus.
• BRS 310: This variety is late-maturing and has a high yield potential. It is also resistant to several diseases, including soybean rust and soybean mosaic virus.

Planting

Soybeans should be planted in the spring, when the soil temperature is between 18°C and 25°C. The seeds should be planted at a depth of 2-3 cm, and the rows should be spaced 50-70 cm apart.

Fertilization

Soybeans require a variety of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. The amount of fertilizer that is needed will depend on the soil type and the soybean variety.

Weed Control

Weeds can compete with soybeans for water, nutrients, and sunlight, so it is important to control them. There are a variety of herbicides that can be used to control weeds in soybeans.

Disease Control

Soybeans are susceptible to a variety of diseases, including soybean rust, soybean mosaic virus, and soybean bacterial blight. There are a variety of fungicides and bactericides that can be used to control diseases in soybeans.

Insect Control

Soybeans are also susceptible to a variety of insects, including aphids, thrips, and whiteflies. There are a variety of insecticides that can be used to control insects in soybeans.

Harvesting

Soybeans are ready to harvest when the leaves have turned yellow and the pods have turned brown. The soybeans should be harvested when the moisture content is between 13% and 15%.

Conclusion

Soybean is a valuable crop that can be grown successfully in Mato Grosso do Sul. By following the technical recommendations in this circular, farmers can increase their soybean yields and improve their profits.